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The York Mystery Plays, more properly called the York Corpus Christi Plays, are a Middle English cycle of forty-eight mystery plays, or pageants, which cover sacred history from the creation to the Last Judgment. These were traditionally presented on the feast day of Corpus Christi (a movable feast occurring the Thursday after Trinity Sunday, between 23 May and 24 June). They were performed in the city of York, from the middle of the fourteenth century until 1569. It is one of only four virtually complete surviving English mystery play cycles, with the others known as the Chester Mystery Plays, the Towneley/Wakefield plays and N-Town plays. In addition to these, two long, composite, and late mystery pageants have survived from the Coventry cycle, and there are records and fragments from other similar productions which took place elsewhere. A manuscript of the York plays, probably dating from some time between 1463 and 1477, survives at the British Library. ==The Plays== There is no record of the first performance of the York Mystery Plays, but they are first recorded celebrating the festival of Corpus Christi, in York in 1376, by which time the use of pageant wagons has already been established. The plays were organised, financed (and often performed) by the York Craft Guilds ("Mystery" is a play on words, representing both a religious truth, or rite, and, in its Middle English meaning of a trade, or craft). The wagons would be paraded through the streets of York, stopping at each of 12 playing stations, designated by the City banners. The cycle uses many different verse forms, but most have rhyme, a regular rhythm with fairly short lines, and frequent alliteration. The balance of critical opinion is in favour of the idea of several clerics being responsible for their authorship, one of whom is conventionally known as the "York Realist". The cycle of plays comprise some 48 pageants, which were originally presented upon carts and wagons, dressed for the occasion. In some accounts, there are as many as 56 pageants. They told stories from both the Old and New Testaments, from the Creation to the Last Judgement. The Plays continued after the Reformation, as part of which, in 1548, the feast of Corpus Christi was abolished in England. The plays accommodated themselves to the new religious orthodoxy, by cutting scenes honouring the Virgin, but were finally suppressed in 1569. Traditionally, an individual guild would take responsibility for a particular play.〔〔 #Barkers (Tanners) – The creation, and the Fall of Lucifer #Plasterers – The creation myth – up to the Fifth Day #Cardmakers – Creation of Adam and Eve #Fullers (preparers of woolen cloth) – Adam and Eve in Eden #Coopers (makers of wooden casks) – The Fall of Man #Armourers – Expulsion from Eden #Glovers – Sacrifice of Cain and Abel #Shipwrights – Building of the Ark #Fishers and Mariners – Noah and his Wife #Parchmenters and Bookbinders – Abraham and Isaac #Hosiers – Departure of the Israelites from Egypt;Ten Plagues; Crossing of the Red Sea #Spicers – Annunciation and Visitation #Pewterers and Founders – Joseph's Trouble about Mary #Tile-thatchers – Journey to Bethlehem #Chandlers (Candlemakers) – Shepherds #Masons – Coming of the Three Kings to Herod #Goldsmiths – Coming of the Kings: Adoration #Marshals (Grooms) – Flight into Egypt #Girdlers and Nailers – Slaughter of the Innocents #Spurriers and Lorimers (Spurmakers and makers of horse bits and bridles) – Christ with the Doctors #Barbers – Baptism of Jesus #Smiths – Temptation #Curriers (men who dress leather) – Transfiguration #Capmakers – Woman Taken in Adultery; Lazarus #Skinners – Christ's Entry into Jerusalem #Cutlers – Conspiracy #Bakers – Last Supper #Cordwainers (Shoemakers) – Agony and Betrayal #Bowyers and Fletchers – Denial of Peter; Jesus before Caiphas #Tapiters (makers of tapestry and carpets) and Couchers – Dream of Pilate's Wife #Listers (Dyers) – Trial before Herod #Cooks and Water-leaders – Second Accusation before Pilate; Remorse of Judas; Purchase of the Field of Blood #Tilemakers – Second Trial before Pilate #Shearman – Christ Led to Calvary #Pinners and Painters – Crucifixion #Butchers – Mortification of Christ; Burial #Saddlers – Harrowing of Hell #Carpenters – Resurrection # Winedrawers – Christ's Appearance to Mary Magdalene #Sledmen – Travellers to Emmaus #Hatmakers, Masons, Labourers – Purification of Mary; Simeon and Anna #Scriveners (Scribes) – Incredulity of Thomas #Tailors – Ascension #Potters – Descent of the Holy Spirit #Drapers (Dealers in cloth and dry goods) – Death of Mary #Weavers – Appearance of Mary to Thomas #Ostlers (Stablemen) – Assumption and Coronation of the Virgin #Mercers (Dealers in textiles) – Judgement Day 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「York Mystery Plays」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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